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Abstract
Melasma is an acquired hyperpigmentation with increased pigmentation and vascularization, of not very well-known multifactorial etiology, frequent in females that affect quality of life. Due to the partial results of current treatments, new options arise in photonic therapies for the control of this entity. The Q Switched Nd: YAG laser and Intense Pulsed Light act both on pigment and vascular lesions. METODOLOGY: In order to compare the effectiveness of the Q Switched Nd: YAG Laser (QSNYL) and the Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) with or without topical treatments in patients with a diagnosis of Melasma , a systematic review was carried out by searching between January 2010 and January 2020, of articles related to QSNYL and IPL therapies as a single treatment or in combination with other therapies, such as topical agents, in the English and Spanish Pubmed, Cochrane and Google Academics platforms with access to full texts. RESULTS: Eighteen articles were selected, of which 11 (61.1%) were randomized clinical trials (level of evidence I) and 8 (38.8%) were non-randomized clinical trials (level of evidence II-1); 13 (72.2%) studies with the use of QSNYL and 7 (38.8%) studies with the use of IPL, both as monotherapy, combined with other photonic platforms and associated with topical treatments; The benefit of the use of low fluences of both platforms to avoid adverse events was reported, with the IPL being more focused on epidermal melasma and the QSNYL on dermal and mixed melasma, these results agree with other reviews regarding the use of these platforms. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the use of QSNYL and IPL are beneficial therapeutic options in addition to the basic treatment with depigmentation agents. The number of participants must be expanded and monitored without the use of depigmenting agents, to determine the true effect of photonic platforms on melasma.
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